New South Wales Ambulance Pharmacology Practice Exam

Salbutamol, a bronchodilator commonly used for conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), primarily stimulates the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, leading to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. While it is effective in relieving respiratory distress, it is important to be aware of potential adverse effects.

The selection of dysrhythmias and tremors as possible adverse effects is correct. Tremors occur due to the stimulation of beta-2 receptors not only in the lungs but also in skeletal muscle, resulting in a side effect that many patients report. Dysrhythmias can occur, particularly in sensitive individuals or with high doses, as excessive stimulation of beta receptors can affect the heart's conduction system, potentially leading to abnormal heart rhythms.

Other options, while they list possible side effects, do not accurately reflect the significant and more typical effects of salbutamol. For instance, blurred vision and dizziness may occur from a range of causes but are not primarily associated with salbutamol. Similarly, constipation and dry mouth are more associated with anticholinergic medications rather than bronchodilators like salbutamol. Lastly, headaches and fatigue do exist but are not as commonly reported as tremors and